Spanish Classifications

The Spanish wine classification system, like all EU systems, has layers of quality. Starting with the lowest level, they are as follows:

1. Vino de Mesa (VdM)

This is ordinary table wine made from unclassified vineyards. It can be any colour, and is often sold young (joven). It is regularly sold in bulk to bars and restaurants rather than being bottled.

2. Vino Comarcal (VC)

This level is reserved for wine made outside a recognized DO area and puts the area name to the Vino de Mesa labelling.

3. Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)

These regions are similar to the French Vin de Pays wines that should have regional character. Many have ambitions to be promoted to DO status.

4. Denominación de Origen (DO)

This classification is similar to the French appellation contrôlée, and is the standard designation for quality wine applies to over 50 regions. There are strict regulations regarding grape varieties and yields.

5. Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOC or DOCa)

The most elevated category for superior wines with a long tradition of high quality. So far it has only been awarded to Rioja. Qualification for this status is largely determined by the market and requires that a wine sell for 200% above the national average price.