Types of Hernia

Other than hiatus hernias, there are 3 major types of hernia.

Inguinal Hernias

An inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia, and is found in the groin. The inguinal canal is a triangle-shaped opening between layers of abdominal muscle near the groin, and a hernia in this area is caused by a loop of bowel sliding down this opening towards the scrotum or, in the case of a woman, the labium majus. The hernia often appears as a swelling in the groin or enlargement of the scrotum, which may or may not be painful.

98% of the people who develop an inguinal hernia are male. Male baby boys are often prone to inguinal hernias, particularly if they are born early and underweight. Approximately 2% of baby boys are born with the condition.

Femoral Hernias

The femoral canal is a conical shaped passage through which the major blood vessels of the leg pass. A femoral hernia develops when part of the intestine pushes through this opening, showing itself as a swelling on the upper and inner part of the thigh. The blood supply to the herniated tissue can become crushed within the narrow canal, blocking its source of oxygen and nutrients. The hernia is then said to be strangulated and emergency surgery must be performed to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply. A strangulated hernia is very painful and tender to the touch.

Umbilical Hernias

An umbilical hernia develops when part of the intestines pushes through a weakness in the abdominal wall at the navel. When this occurs in newborn children, the hernia will usually right itself in time without any further treatment. Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults, more frequently in pregnant women.