It is unclear why Crohn's disease develops, although there are number of theories to its possible causes. These include the following:
- Environmental factors
The disease occurs more frequently in those who live in cities and industrial nations. - Genetic factors
Approximately 20% of Crohn's disease sufferers have a relative who also has the disease. A mutation in a particular gene (called NOD2/CARD15) tend to occur more frequently in people with Crohn's disease and is associated with an early onset of symptoms. - Immune system
Some researchers believe that the disease is caused by an abnormal immune response to bacteria that normally live in the intestine. - Infection
Some cases start after a bout of gastroenteritis.
Although researchers no longer believe that diet or stress are the main causes of Crohn's disease, both factors can often aggravate symptoms.
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