Cultivating the soil by digging or forking is vital step in producing successful long-term plant growth. It aerates the soil and breaks up any hard clumps or crusts, thus improving both soil structure and drainage. Cultivation is also the perfect time to add any soil improvers such as composts, fertilizers or organic mulches. Digging and forking can make it easy for the gardener to remove perennial weeds and bury annual ones.
Single and double digging are the two most commonly used methods to prepare the soil for planting; however, in areas of established planting where there is little room to manoeuvre, forking and simple digging may be used instead.
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